{"type":"cheap","segment":null,"segments":["compact_car","compact_crossover","fullsize_car","fullsize_pickup","fullsize_suv","luxury_compact_car","luxury_compact_suv","luxury_fullsize_suv","luxury_midsize_car","luxury_midsize_suv","midsize_car","midsize_crossover","midsize_pickup","minivan","sports_car","subcompact_car","subcompact_crossover"],"rows":[{"rank":1,"value":3224,"vehicle":{"slug":"tesla-model-3-1stgen","make":"Tesla","make_slug":"tesla","model":"Model 3","generation":"1st generation","generation_code":null,"year_start":2017,"year_end":2026,"body_type":"sedan","segment":"luxury_compact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":3224,"cost_confidence":"verified","cost_methodology":"caredge_10yr","cost_tier":"low","score":76,"is_ev":true,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["ev"],"top_reason":"Out-of-warranty high-voltage battery replacement needs Toolbox 3, Service Mode Plus, a gantry, coolant evacuation and refill, and 5.4 hours of flat rate labor.","top_reason_inexpensive":"No oil, spark plugs, timing components, or scheduled gearbox fluid: Tesla's service interval list is a brake fluid check every 4 years, a cabin filter every 2 years, wipers yearly, and tire rotations.","reliability_index":71,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":18912,"max":43435},"published_rating":null}},{"rank":2,"value":3330,"vehicle":{"slug":"toyota-yaris-xp130","make":"Toyota","make_slug":"toyota","model":"Yaris","generation":"3rd generation (XP130)","generation_code":"XP130","year_start":2012,"year_end":2018,"body_type":"hatchback","segment":"subcompact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":3330,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":89,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"Still a 5,000-mile oil change car on 5W-30 through 2018, twice as many services per 100,000 miles as the 0W-20 Corolla of the same years.","top_reason_inexpensive":"RepairPal records $333 a year in repairs against $456 for subcompacts and ranks the Yaris first of 21 in its class, with a 6% chance any repair is a severe one.","reliability_index":78,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":6902,"max":16767},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4.5,"scale":5,"percent":90}}},{"rank":3,"value":3330,"vehicle":{"slug":"toyota-yaris-xp90","make":"Toyota","make_slug":"toyota","model":"Yaris","generation":"2nd generation (XP90)","generation_code":"XP90","year_start":2007,"year_end":2011,"body_type":"hatchback","segment":"subcompact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":3330,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":87,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"Toyota never moved the Yaris to 0W-20, so it keeps 5,000-mile oil changes while the Corolla and Camry of the same years went to 10,000, which erases much of the per-service saving.","top_reason_inexpensive":"RepairPal records $333 a year in repairs against $456 for subcompacts, rates the Yaris 4.5 of 5.0 and first of 21 in its class, and logs only 0.4 unscheduled shop visits a year.","reliability_index":74,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":6103,"max":7918},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4.5,"scale":5,"percent":90}}},{"rank":4,"value":3900,"vehicle":{"slug":"honda-fit-ge","make":"Honda","make_slug":"honda","model":"Fit","generation":"2nd generation (GE)","generation_code":"GE","year_start":2009,"year_end":2013,"body_type":"hatchback","segment":"subcompact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":3900,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":84,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"Three driveline and valvetrain recalls sit against this generation: VTEC spring assemblies on 2009-2010 cars (11V-101), a fracturing passenger driveshaft on 2013 manuals (14V-258), and a salt-belt driveshaft coating problem across 2009-2013 (20V-770).","top_reason_inexpensive":"3.8 quarts of oil through a spin-on filter with no under cover to remove is about as cheap as an oil change gets. RepairPal prices it at $113 to $140, the lowest of any Honda in this dataset.","reliability_index":66,"reliability_tier":"fair","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":6824,"max":10264},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4.5,"scale":5,"percent":90}}},{"rank":5,"value":3900,"vehicle":{"slug":"honda-fit-gk","make":"Honda","make_slug":"honda","model":"Fit","generation":"3rd generation (GK)","generation_code":"GK","year_start":2015,"year_end":2020,"body_type":"hatchback","segment":"subcompact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":3900,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":73,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"The CVT is the one part that can total the car: $4,200 average on the 2015 model at about 56,000 miles per CarComplaints, with Honda's own launch software recalled for damaging the drive pulley shaft.","top_reason_inexpensive":"Routine service is the cheapest of any Honda here: 3.5 quarts of 0W-20, a spin-on filter, four plugs on top of the engine, a hand parking brake lever, and a battery needing no registration. RepairPal prices the oil change at $113 to $140.","reliability_index":66,"reliability_tier":"fair","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":11396,"max":22037},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4.5,"scale":5,"percent":90}}},{"rank":6,"value":3977,"vehicle":{"slug":"tesla-model-y-1stgen","make":"Tesla","make_slug":"tesla","model":"Model Y","generation":"1st generation","generation_code":null,"year_start":2020,"year_end":2026,"body_type":"crossover","segment":"compact_crossover","ten_year_cost_usd":3977,"cost_confidence":"verified","cost_methodology":"caredge_10yr","cost_tier":"low","score":74,"is_ev":true,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["ev"],"top_reason":"Front suspension hardware has been recalled repeatedly (knuckles 21V-912, upper control arm bolts 20V-709, lateral links 21V-835, 22V-895, 26V-558), so alignment and suspension checks matter.","top_reason_inexpensive":"No engine fluids or tune-up parts; the Model Y schedule is a brake fluid check every 4 years, cabin filter every 2 years, HEPA filter every 3 years, and tire rotations.","reliability_index":68,"reliability_tier":"fair","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":26728,"max":39157},"published_rating":null}},{"rank":7,"value":4011,"vehicle":{"slug":"tesla-model-s-1stgen","make":"Tesla","make_slug":"tesla","model":"Model S","generation":"1st generation","generation_code":null,"year_start":2012,"year_end":2026,"body_type":"hatchback","segment":"luxury_midsize_car","ten_year_cost_usd":4011,"cost_confidence":"verified","cost_methodology":"caredge_10yr","cost_tier":"low","score":67,"is_ev":true,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["ev"],"top_reason":"The 2012 to 2016 large drive unit is the weak point: a rising milling noise means the complete unit is swapped, not repaired. Tesla covered it under an 8 year unlimited-mile warranty from 2014, but that has run out, and owners are now quoted about $5,000 to $7,000 for a remanufactured unit.","top_reason_inexpensive":"No oil, spark plugs, or scheduled gearbox or coolant changes in any year. The 2012-2020 list is a brake fluid check every 4 years, cabin filter and A/C desiccant every 2 years, HEPA filters every 3 years, and tire rotations every 6,250 miles.","reliability_index":56,"reliability_tier":"fair","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":13501,"max":92411},"published_rating":null}},{"rank":8,"value":4150,"vehicle":{"slug":"acura-tsx-cl9","make":"Acura","make_slug":"acura","model":"TSX","generation":"1st generation (CL9)","generation_code":"CL9","year_start":2006,"year_end":2008,"body_type":"sedan","segment":"luxury_compact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":4150,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":88,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"Every oil change starts by unbolting a maintenance cover from under the body and needs a dealer-supplied filter wrench, which adds time at an independent shop.","top_reason_inexpensive":"The K24A2 uses a timing chain, so there is no 60,000 to 105,000 mile belt and water pump bill of the kind every J-series V6 Acura of this era carries.","reliability_index":81,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":8538,"max":10499},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4.5,"scale":5,"percent":90}}},{"rank":9,"value":4150,"vehicle":{"slug":"acura-tsx-cu2","make":"Acura","make_slug":"acura","model":"TSX","generation":"2nd generation (CU2)","generation_code":"CU2/CU4","year_start":2009,"year_end":2014,"body_type":"sedan","segment":"luxury_compact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":4150,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":87,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"The 2009 to 2011 four-cylinder burns oil from carbon-clogged rings, and the fix is a teardown to replace pistons and rings; Acura extended coverage to 8 years or 125,000 miles, which has now expired on every car.","top_reason_inexpensive":"The four-cylinder cars have a timing chain, a mechanical parking brake, no ADAS to calibrate and no battery registration, so almost nothing routine needs Acura software.","reliability_index":74,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":8932,"max":18199},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4.5,"scale":5,"percent":90}}},{"rank":10,"value":4290,"vehicle":{"slug":"mazda-mx-5-miata-nc","make":"Mazda","make_slug":"mazda","model":"MX-5 Miata","generation":"3rd generation (NC)","generation_code":"NC","year_start":2006,"year_end":2015,"body_type":"convertible","segment":"sports_car","ten_year_cost_usd":4290,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":94,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"Unlike almost every other Mazda in this dataset, the manual gearbox oil is on the schedule at 60,000 miles, so a manual NC has a recurring driveline service that a CX-5 does not.","top_reason_inexpensive":"Ten model years and a single NHTSA recall campaign, on the 2006 car's air bag horn bolt. Nothing on the engine, transmission, cooling or fuel system was ever recalled.","reliability_index":91,"reliability_tier":"strong","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":9303,"max":17800},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4,"scale":5,"percent":80}}},{"rank":11,"value":4290,"vehicle":{"slug":"mazda-mx-5-miata-nd","make":"Mazda","make_slug":"mazda","model":"MX-5 Miata","generation":"4th generation (ND)","generation_code":"ND","year_start":2016,"year_end":2026,"body_type":"convertible","segment":"sports_car","ten_year_cost_usd":4290,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":83,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"Manual transmission synchronizer failures on 2022 to 2024 cars can mean a full transmission replacement, and the manual gearbox oil is due every 60,000 miles.","top_reason_inexpensive":"Simple naturally aspirated Skyactiv-G 2.0 with a 4.5 qt oil fill, 75,000-mile spark plugs and no turbo or hybrid hardware.","reliability_index":80,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":18469,"max":32365},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4,"scale":5,"percent":80}}},{"rank":12,"value":4330,"vehicle":{"slug":"mazda-mazda3-bk","make":"Mazda","make_slug":"mazda","model":"Mazda3","generation":"1st generation (BK)","generation_code":"BK","year_start":2006,"year_end":2009,"body_type":"hatchback","segment":"compact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":4330,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":85,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"The electro-hydraulic power steering is the generation's defining bill: steering is the single largest complaint category at NHTSA for both the 2007 and 2008 cars, and the recall only covers a narrow build window.","top_reason_inexpensive":"Nothing on the car needs software: hand lever parking brake, plain battery with no registration, no ADAS sensors, and dipsticks for both engine oil and automatic transmission fluid.","reliability_index":72,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":2350,"max":8520},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4,"scale":5,"percent":80}}},{"rank":13,"value":4330,"vehicle":{"slug":"mazda-mazda3-bl","make":"Mazda","make_slug":"mazda","model":"Mazda3","generation":"2nd generation (BL)","generation_code":"BL","year_start":2010,"year_end":2013,"body_type":"hatchback","segment":"compact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":4330,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":86,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"The mid-cycle Skyactiv switch splits the parts bin: a 2012 car takes either ATF M-V or the Mazda-only ATF FZ and either 5W-20 or 0W-20 depending on engine, and the manual warns against mixing the fluids.","top_reason_inexpensive":"The 2012 Skyactiv-G 2.0 dropped the periodic valve clearance inspection entirely: Mazda's own chart lists the 75,000-mile audible valve check as applying to every engine except the Skyactiv-G 2.0.","reliability_index":77,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":6245,"max":9080},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4,"scale":5,"percent":80}}},{"rank":14,"value":4330,"vehicle":{"slug":"mazda-mazda3-bm","make":"Mazda","make_slug":"mazda","model":"Mazda3","generation":"3rd generation (BM)","generation_code":"BM","year_start":2014,"year_end":2018,"body_type":"hatchback","segment":"compact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":4330,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":78,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"Rear caliper parking brake actuator shafts corrode and bind, recalled on 2014 to 2016 cars with interim notices sent before parts existed, and the same caliper work is owner-paid outside the campaign.","top_reason_inexpensive":"Flexible oil maintenance stretches the oil change to as much as 12 months or 10,000 miles on a naturally aspirated Skyactiv-G four that takes 4.4 US qt, against the fixed 7,500-mile interval of every earlier Mazda3.","reliability_index":74,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":8375,"max":16755},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4,"scale":5,"percent":80}}},{"rank":15,"value":4330,"vehicle":{"slug":"mazda-mazda3-bp","make":"Mazda","make_slug":"mazda","model":"Mazda3","generation":"4th generation (BP)","generation_code":"BP","year_start":2019,"year_end":2026,"body_type":"sedan","segment":"compact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":4330,"cost_confidence":"estimated","cost_methodology":"repairpal_annual_x10","cost_tier":"low","score":76,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["gas"],"top_reason":"Early 2.5T cars can need a 12.2-hour cylinder head replacement for burnt exhaust valve seats, and the turbo engine needs 40,000-mile spark plugs.","top_reason_inexpensive":"Conventional 6-speed automatic (or 6-speed manual) instead of a CVT, with no scheduled fluid change.","reliability_index":75,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":14949,"max":29176},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4,"scale":5,"percent":80}}}],"coverage":{"has_ev":true,"has_hybrid":false,"cheapest_ev":{"slug":"tesla-model-3-1stgen","overall_position":1,"cost":3224},"cheapest_hybrid":{"slug":"toyota-prius-xw20","overall_position":17,"cost":4359},"ev_with_cost_count":6,"hybrid_with_cost_count":105},"coverage_vehicles":{"tesla-model-3-1stgen":{"slug":"tesla-model-3-1stgen","make":"Tesla","make_slug":"tesla","model":"Model 3","generation":"1st generation","generation_code":null,"year_start":2017,"year_end":2026,"body_type":"sedan","segment":"luxury_compact_car","ten_year_cost_usd":3224,"cost_confidence":"verified","cost_methodology":"caredge_10yr","cost_tier":"low","score":76,"is_ev":true,"is_hybrid":false,"powertrain_types":["ev"],"top_reason":"Out-of-warranty high-voltage battery replacement needs Toolbox 3, Service Mode Plus, a gantry, coolant evacuation and refill, and 5.4 hours of flat rate labor.","top_reason_inexpensive":"No oil, spark plugs, timing components, or scheduled gearbox fluid: Tesla's service interval list is a brake fluid check every 4 years, a cabin filter every 2 years, wipers yearly, and tire rotations.","reliability_index":71,"reliability_tier":"good","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":18912,"max":43435},"published_rating":null},"toyota-prius-xw20":{"slug":"toyota-prius-xw20","make":"Toyota","make_slug":"toyota","model":"Prius","generation":"2nd generation (XW20)","generation_code":"XW20","year_start":2006,"year_end":2009,"body_type":"hatchback","segment":"midsize_car","ten_year_cost_usd":4359,"cost_confidence":"verified","cost_methodology":"caredge_10yr","cost_tier":"low","score":77,"is_ev":false,"is_hybrid":true,"powertrain_types":["hybrid"],"top_reason":"The nickel metal hydride traction battery is a replace-or-scrap item on a high-mileage car, and its cooling fan quietly clogs with dust and lint until the pack overheats (T-SB-0098-13).","top_reason_inexpensive":"CarEdge puts the Prius at about $4,359 over 10 years with an 11.58% chance of a major repair, and RepairPal at $408 a year against $526 for midsize cars. Regenerative braking also means brake pads and rotors often last past 100,000 miles.","reliability_index":63,"reliability_tier":"fair","reliability_confidence":"high","used_price_usd":{"min":5438,"max":8248},"published_rating":{"publisher":"repairpal","value":4,"scale":5,"percent":80}}}}